NPCI And RBI Launches Biometric UPI Authentication

 

India’s digital payments landscape took step forward in 2025. The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) launched biometric and wearable glass recognition authentication for Unified Payments Interface (UPI) transactions. This innovation aims to make payments more secure, seamless and inclusive.

Biometric Authentication for UPI

Users can now authenticate UPI transactions using biometric data like fingerprints or facial recognition. This data is linked to Aadhaar and stored securely on the user’s device. The process eliminates the need for traditional PINs, enhancing privacy and security. Authentication happens locally on the device, ensuring sensitive data never leaves the phone.

Wearable Smart Glasses and UPI Lite

A new UPI Lite feature enables hands-free small-value payments via smart glasses. Users scan a QR code and authenticate payments with voice commands. This innovation removes the need for phones, PINs or touch inputs during transactions, making payments swift and convenient.

Multi-Signatory Accounts on UPI

NPCI introduced multi-signatory accounts allowing joint account holders to approve payments collectively. This feature benefits families and businesses by providing transparency and control over shared accounts. Payments require approval from one or more signatories, improving accountability.

Integration with Aadhaar Infrastructure

The biometric authentication system builds on Aadhaar’s existing fingerprint, iris and facial data. This integration strengthens the security of UPI by using government-verified biometric information. It also simplifies onboarding for users without debit cards by enabling quick Aadhaar-based face authentication.

Optional and Secure System

Biometric verification is optional. Users can continue using PINs or switch to biometrics. Each transaction undergoes independent verification by issuing banks with cryptographic checks, ensuring high security. This flexibility caters to different user preferences and enhances trust.

Focus on Inclusion and Ease of Use

The upgrade targets senior citizens, rural populations and first-time digital users who find PINs difficult. Aadhaar-linked face authentication accelerates onboarding and makes digital payments more accessible. This move supports India’s goal of a cashless economy by broadening digital payment adoption.

Future Capabilities

Besides payments, biometric authentication will enable setting or resetting UPI PINs and cash withdrawals from ATMs. This expansion will further simplify banking and payment experiences, making digital finance more user-friendly.

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